Deep Semi-Supervised Learning Method for False Data Detection Against Forgery and Concealing of Faults in Cyber-Physical Power Systems

This paper proposes a deep semi-supervised numerical false data detection (DSS-NFDD) method, where hidden data in labeled and unlabeled datasets are leveraged simultaneously, to detect the false data in CPPS. Two types of false data are considered in this study: one is the forged fault data, which makes operators mistakenly believe that there is a fault in their operating system; the other is the false data used to conceal actual faults. First, a data dimension reduction method is proposed based on the PageRank algorithm to avoid the excessive noise caused by high-dimension data. Then, a semi-supervised deep learning framework is established to detect false data samples, which consists of two parts: one is the priori estimation module, and the other is a false data scoring network. A novel concentration loss function is presented for training the false data scoring network, which minimizes the impacts of noise pollution and sample bias. Next, a false feature location method is proposed to help human operators eliminate anomalies. Finally, the effectiveness and the superiorities of the proposed DSS-NFDD method are verified by analyzing the simulation results for the IEEE-39 bus and IEEE-118 bus systems.