Real-time monitoring of ONOO⁻ in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury mouse models using a hydrazine-based NIR fluorescent probe

Accurate and selective techniques for visualizing endogenous peroxynitrite (ONOO − ) in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) models are essential for understanding its complex pathological processes. Here, we introduced a longwave fluorescent probe TJO for detecting ONOO − rapidly and sensitively, with a low detection limit of 91 nM. Furthermore, TJO exhibits excellent fluorescence imaging capabilities, enabling detailed visualization of ONOO⁻ in CIRI mice model. This highlights its potential for real-time monitoring of ONOO⁻-related pathological conditions. • TJO can selectively and quantitatively detect ONOO − in the near-infrared region. • The reaction mechanism is elucidated through theoretical calculations and LC-MS analysis. • TJO visualized ONOO − in living CIRI model mice, highlighting its potential for real-time tracking of related ONOO − pathology.