Decomposition and Nutrient Release Patterns of Rapeseed Straw in Field Conditions

In this study, the decomposition process and nutrient release of rapeseed ( Brassica napus  L.) straw were observed under field conditions. The results showed that the decomposition rate was fast in the early stage, with the potassium (K) release rate exceeding 98.74% in the first 10 days; nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) were released slowly afterwards, but for a longer period of time. Straw decomposition can increase soil organic matter, microbial biomass and enzyme activity, and help improve soil fertility. Compared with other crop straws, rapeseed straw has a higher decomposition efficiency and has the potential to be used as an organic amendment. At the same time, the study also found problems such as nutrient leaching and residue accumulation. In order to improve nutrient utilization and reduce environmental risks, it is recommended to optimize management by adjusting the straw burial depth and adding decomposing bacteria.