Recommendations for treating electronic cigarette and heated tobacco product dependence

There is strong evidence that any clear smoking cessation advice from healthcare professionals (e.g. physicians, nurses, dentists) can increase smokers' motivation to quit 1 . Generally, guidelines for treating tobacco smoking dependence and supporting smoking cessation urge all health professionals to provide a minimum of brief smoking cessation advice to all patients, including current tobacco consumers to quit smoking and ex-smokers to avoid relapsing 1,2 . E-cigarettes and HTPs are continuing to gain popularity and acceptance by consumers worldwide However, many consumers and health professionals are uncertain about the potential benefits or adverse effects of these novel products Assessment of tobacco smoking dependence in medical practice does not usually consider e-cigarette or HTP dependence. To date, guidelines for treating tobacco dependence omit e-cigarette and HTP dependence, whose users, in any age group, may or may not be motivated to quit. We thus provide recommendations for incorporating the treatment of e-cigarette and HTP use dependence within guidelines for treating tobacco dependence and supporting smoking cessation.