石墨烯
膜
材料科学
纳米孔
海水淡化
纳米技术
单层
过滤(数学)
化学工程
水运
水流
化学
环境工程
环境科学
工程类
统计
生物化学
数学
作者
Sumedh P. Surwade,Sergei Smirnov,Ivan Vlassiouk,Raymond R. Unocic,Gabriel M. Veith,Sheng Dai,Shannon M. Mahurin
标识
DOI:10.1038/nnano.2015.37
摘要
By creating nanoscale pores in a layer of graphene, it could be used as an effective separation membrane due to its chemical and mechanical stability, its flexibility and, most importantly, its one-atom thickness. Theoretical studies have indicated that the performance of such membranes should be superior to state-of-the-art polymer-based filtration membranes, and experimental studies have recently begun to explore their potential. Here, we show that single-layer porous graphene can be used as a desalination membrane. Nanometre-sized pores are created in a graphene monolayer using an oxygen plasma etching process, which allows the size of the pores to be tuned. The resulting membranes exhibit a salt rejection rate of nearly 100% and rapid water transport. In particular, water fluxes of up to 10(6) g m(-2) s(-1) at 40 °C were measured using pressure difference as a driving force, while water fluxes measured using osmotic pressure as a driving force did not exceed 70 g m(-2) s(-1) atm(-1).
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI