Gut Microbiota–Decanoic Acid–Interleukin-17A Axis Orchestrates Hyperglycemia-Induced Osteoporosis in Male Mice

This study investigated the role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in hyperglycemia-induced osteoporosis, a condition with unclear mechanisms. We explored whether gut microbiota dysbiosis drives bone loss in hyperglycemia and identified key microbial and molecular pathways. Hyperglycemic mice showed disturbed gut microbiota symbiosis, decreased Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, and elevated decanoic acid, which promoted T helper 17 differentiation and interleukin-17A (IL-17A) production, leading to osteoporosis. Fecal microbiota transplantation from control mice, B. pseudolongum supplementation, and IL-17A blockade alleviated bone loss, highlighting both B. pseudolongum supplementation and IL-17A inhibition as potential therapeutic strategies for hyperglycemia-induced osteoporosis.