Conductive metal-organic frameworks for electromagnetic wave absorption

With the rapid development of new-era communication technologies, electromagnetic waves (EMWs) have significantly impacted human health and precision instruments, leading to higher demands for EMW-absorbing materials. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown great potential due to their simple synthesis, porous structure, high active site density, and tunable composition. However, most MOFs have low conductivity and require carbonization to achieve good absorption performance, which damages their inherent properties. The emergence of conductive MOFs (cMOFs) offers new hope. They can directly use the intrinsic MOFs for EMW absorption without additional treatment and provide opportunities to explore dielectric regulation at the atomic level due to their tunable composition and structure. This work summarizes cMOFs used in EMW absorption, focuses on exploring the dielectric regulation mechanisms at the microscopic level, identifies the current limitations of cMOFs in wave absorption, provides a comprehensive outlook on future research prospects, and proposes and discusses new research directions.