Is Deficiency in the Electrical Current of Injury a Barrier to Healing in Hard-to-Heal Wounds? A Systematic Review with Implications for the TIMERS Paradigm

Endogenous bioelectrical signaling in the wound healing process appears to be compromised particularly in older people and those with diabetes. Patients may benefit from incorporating treatment with EST, which boosts bioelectrical signaling, into relevant wound treatment frameworks. [Figure: see text].