突变体
生物
基因簇
真菌
基因
次生代谢
曲霉
青霉属
真菌蛋白
转录因子
木霉菌
分生孢子
计算生物学
生物合成
遗传学
植物
作者
Guan Pang,Tingting Sun,Mingyue Ding,Jun Li,Zheng Zhao,Qirong Shen,Feng Cai
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03550
摘要
Filamentous fungi produce a great variety of bioactive secondary metabolites essential for their biotic interactions. Here, we characterized an exceptional Trichoderma mutant overproducing harzianic acids (HAs) with exclusively highly antifungal activity against numerous fungi from different ecological groups. Interestingly, two transcription factors (TFs) were identified in this HA biosynthetic gene cluster (hac BGC), with HacI regulating the biosynthetic genes and HacF being likely responsible for the product transportation essential for the self-detoxification of the fungus from the produced HAs. Evolutionary analysis suggested that the sparse distribution of hac BGC in many environmental opportunistic fungi including several species from Trichoderma, Penicillium, and Aspergillus could result from lateral gene transfers and pervasive gene losses in different lineages of Pezizomycotina. Taken together, we propose that the production of HAs by fungi is to inhibit the growth of the surrounding partners to secure an exclusive position in a competitive community.
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