Trending metal-organic frameworks for the development of electrochemical biosensors

Typically, a transducer needs to have excellent electrocatalytic activity, quick electron transfer ability, and a lot of open sites for bioconjugation to accomplish excellent biosensor performance. Accordingly, metal–organic framework (MOF) study findings have discovered these qualities to be prevalent. A kind of porous hybrid substance called MOF is made of organic linkers and metal clusters and has some distinctive properties, including a large surface area, and suitability for pre- and post-functionalization. Due to their ability to recognize a variety of biological analytes, MOFs' tunable porous property has emerged as a promising trait for electrochemical biosensor applications. As a result, MOF materials have lately become more popular than other materials in the biosensor industry. The need for MOFs and their derivatives to be designed as transducer materials, specifically for electrochemical biosensor applications, is demonstrated in this study. The work also provides systematic explanations of the synthesis of MOFs, characteristic analysis, physicochemical properties, and successful implementation of prepared MOFs for electrochemical determination of biomolecules like neurotransmitters, DNA/RNA sensing, environmental pollutants include food toxins, and biomarkers, etc. Additionally, the difficulties and potential paths for the use of MOF-based systems are discussed. Finally, challenges and outlook for the development of an advanced sensing platform are also proposed.