电解质
水溶液
法拉第效率
无机化学
溶剂化
化学
冰点
化学工程
电池(电)
阳极
材料科学
分子
有机化学
物理化学
电极
功率(物理)
物理
量子力学
工程类
热力学
作者
Dongdong Wang,Haiying Peng,Shaojie Zhang,Hongxia Liu,Nana Wang,Jian Yang
标识
DOI:10.1002/ange.202315834
摘要
Abstract Aqueous zinc metal batteries hold great promise for large‐scale energy storage because of their high safety, rich material resources and low cost. However, the freeze of aqueous electrolytes hinders low‐temperature operation of the batteries. Here, aqueous localized anion‐cation aggregated electrolytes composed of Zn(BF 4 ) 2 as the salt and tetrahydrofuran (THF) as the diluent, are developed to improve the low‐temperature performance of the Zn anode. THF promotes the inclusion of BF 4 − in the solvation sheath of Zn 2+ , facilitating the formation of ZnF 2 ‐rich solid‐electrolyte‐interphase. THF also affects the hydrogen bonding between neighboring H 2 O molecules, effectively lowering the freezing point. Therefore, the full cells of Zn||polyaniline (PANI) exhibit an ultralong cycle life of 8000 cycles with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.99 % at −40 °C. Impressively, the pouch cells display a high capacity retention of 86.2 % after 500 cycles at −40 °C, which demonstrates the great prospect of such electrolytes in cold regions. This work provides new insights for the design of low‐temperature aqueous electrolytes.
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