Current advances in metal–organic frameworks for cancer nanodynamic therapies

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based nanodynamic therapies are attractive treatment cancer strategies with excellent characteristics such as high selectivity, low toxicity and low multidrug resistance. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and MOFs-based nanoplatforms exhibit promising properties such as self-reactive properties, morphology diversity, high loading capacities, easy functionalization and biocompatibility, providing more possibilities for the design of nanodynamic therapies. In this review, we focus on these excellent properties of MOFs and the construction of MOFs-based nanodynamic therapies for cancer treatment, including photodynamic therapy (PDT), chemodynamic therapy (CDT), and sonodynamic therapy (SDT). In addition, the optimization strategies of MOFs-based nanodynamic therapies are summarized in various aspects, meanwhile the research and applications of synergistic cancer therapies are systematically reviewed. Finally, we analyze the prospects and challenges of clinical applications of MOFs-based nanodynamic therapies, providing a valid reference and a solid foundation for further research.