Laser self-mixing interference displacement signal filtering method based on empirical mode decomposition and wavelet threshold

Abstract In laser self-mixing interferometry displacement measurement, noise interference has a significant impact on the measurement results. To improve measurement accuracy, this paper proposes a filtering method that combines empirical mode decomposition (EMD) with wavelet thresholding. First, the signal is decomposed into several intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) using EMD. Then, wavelet thresholding is applied to each IMF. Subsequently, the processed IMFs are reconstructed to achieve signal filtering. Finally, by integrating the principles of interpolation and fringe counting, the reconstructed displacement signal is recovered, realizing accurate displacement measurement. This paper presents comprehensive simulation analyses and experimental validations for the proposed method. The accuracy of the displacement recovery is quantitatively evaluated using the absolute error and standard error, comparing the recovered displacement signal with the actual displacement. The experimental results demonstrate that the laser self-mixing interferometry displacement signal filtering method based on EMD and wavelet thresholding has high accuracy.