Fracturing Fluids

Hydraulic fracturing is carried out using two broad classes of fracturing materials: fracturing fluid and proppants. Fluids currently being used for fracture treatments in shale wells are water-based fluids or mixed slickwater fracturing fluids, which are water-based fluids mixed with friction-reducing additives, primarily potassium chloride. Many factors are considered in the choice of fracturing fluid, additives, and propping agents. The process of selection though is a subjective process and consideration is given to formation evaluation, laboratory test results, and project experience. Slickwater fracturing is probably the most basic and most common form of well stimulation in unconventional gas. Additives are utilized in hydraulic fracturing operations and the common classes or subcategories of additives include fluid-loss additives, clay stabilizers, gel breakers, bactericides and/or biocides, and pH control chemicals. The purpose of any acidizing is to improve the productivity or injectivity of a well and the formation.