Fluorescent probe for mercury ion imaging analysis: Strategies and applications

Environmental pollution problem, especially mercury ions (Hg2+) pollution, seriously threatens the organism health. Numerous researches have revealed that even extremely low concentration of Hg2+ can severely damage the organisms. Therefore, it is essential for real-time detection of Hg2+. Fluorescent probe technology with great advantages has become the preferred technique for environmental detection and in vivo analysis of Hg2+. In recent years, lots of contributions have been committed to designing and synthesizing novel fluorescent probes for environmental pollutant Hg2+ analysis. In this feature article, we review the recent advances in fluorescent probes for Hg2+ analysis, focusing on probe response modes, including signal-decreased fluorescent probes, signal-enhanced fluorescent probes, ratiometric fluorescent probes as well as fluorescent probes for Hg2+ and other species analysis. Moreover, the design strategies, performance and applications of fluorescent probes are summarized in detail. Challenges and prospects for fluorescent probe are proposed, orienting new design strategies and applications expanding.