Extraction, Phytochemical Screening and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Hydro-Ethanolic Extract of Roots of Dactylorhiza hatagirea

The present work showed phytochemical screening, anti-inflammatory activities and sub-acute toxicity of hydro-ethanolic extract of roots of Dactylorhiza hatagirea (D. hatagirea) and rhizomes of Curcuma angustifolia (C. angustifolia). The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by Carrageenan-Induced Rat Paw Edema method. Acute toxicity of the extract (2000 mg/kg) was examined in Swiss albino mice for 14 days. Qualitative analysis of various phytochemical constituents and quantitative analysis of total phenolics and flavonoids were determined by the well-known test protocol available in the literature. Quantitative analysis of phenolic and flavonoids was carried out by Folins Ciocalteau reagent method and aluminium chloride method respectively. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids. The total phenolics content of roots of Dactylorhiza hatagirea and rhizomes of Curcuma angustifolia extract was (0.675, 0.456mg/100mg), followed by flavonoids (0.832, 1.091mg/100mg) respectively. Hydro-ethanolic extract up to 2000 mg/kg did not produce any toxic effects. The hydro-ethanolic extract of Dactylorhiza hatagirea and Curcuma angustifolia (100 and 200 mg/kg) inhibited the inflammation induced by carrageenan in rats in a dose dependent manner. After anti-inflammatory activity tablet formulation was prepared of the extract and evaluated as per IP. The hydro-ethanolic extract of Dactylorhiza hatagirea and Curcuma angustifolia possesses a strong anti-inflammatory activity and may be considered an interesting source of effective anti-inflammatory compounds. Keywords: Sub-acute toxicity, anti-inflammatory effect, Dactylorhiza hatagirea, Curcuma angustifolia, Herbal tablet formulation