计算机科学
人工智能
过程(计算)
医疗保健
钥匙(锁)
领域(数学分析)
药店
人工智能应用
词汇
数据科学
医学
护理部
操作系统
经济
哲学
数学分析
经济增长
语言学
计算机安全
数学
作者
S. Nelson,Colin G. Walsh,Casey A Olsen,Andrew J McLaughlin,Joseph LeGrand,Nick Schutz,Thomas A. Lasko
出处
期刊:American Journal of Health-system Pharmacy
[Oxford University Press]
日期:2020-07-04
卷期号:77 (19): 1556-1570
被引量:22
摘要
Abstract Purpose To provide pharmacists and other clinicians with a basic understanding of the underlying principles and practical applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in the medication-use process. Summary “Artificial intelligence” is a general term used to describe the theory and development of computer systems to perform tasks that normally would require human cognition, such as perception, language understanding, reasoning, learning, planning, and problem solving. Following the fundamental theorem of informatics, a better term for AI would be “augmented intelligence,” or leveraging the strengths of computers and the strengths of clinicians together to obtain improved outcomes for patients. Understanding the vocabulary of and methods used in AI will help clinicians productively communicate with data scientists to collaborate on developing models that augment patient care. This primer includes discussion of approaches to identifying problems in practice that could benefit from application of AI and those that would not, as well as methods of training, validating, implementing, evaluating, and maintaining AI models. Some key limitations of AI related to the medication-use process are also discussed. Conclusion As medication-use domain experts, pharmacists play a key role in developing and evaluating AI in healthcare. An understanding of the core concepts of AI is necessary to engage in collaboration with data scientists and critically evaluating its place in patient care, especially as clinical practice continues to evolve and develop.
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