The Gradient Variation of Location Distribution, Cross-Section Area, and Mechanical Properties of Moso Bamboo Vascular Bundles along the Radial Direction

Bamboo is a typical natural fiber-reinforced composite with excellent mechanical properties, which are determined by its special micro-structure. As the reinforcing phase, the vascular bundles play a central role in the control of the mechanical properties of bamboo macro-structure. To find the exact gradient variation of the mechanical properties of these continuously distributed vascular bundles within the bamboo culm, 4-year-old Moso bamboo was chosen to investigate the variation of locate-distribution, cross-section area, and mechanical properties of single vascular bundles along the longitudinal and radial directions with respect to their location from the base, middle, and top sections of bamboo culm, respectively. It shows that the spatial distribution of vascular bundles along the column is distributed exponentially from the inside to the outside of the culm. The cross-section area of the vascular bundles decreased exponentially from the inside to the outside along the radial direction. All the vascular bundles were then carefully separated from bamboo strips and tested via the tensile tests. Test results show that the longitudinal tensile strengths of vascular bundles ranged from 180.44 to 774.10 MPa, and the longitudinal Young’s modulus ranged from 9.00 to 44.76 GPa. The tensile strength of vascular bundles at the outer side was three times higher than that of the inner side, while Young’s modulus at the outer side was three to four times higher than that of the inner side. For all three height positions, the strengths and Young’s modulus of vascular bundles are all exponentially increased from the inner side to the outer side along the radial direction. This work will provide a basis for the highly processed product’s application of bamboo resources and a reference for further study on the trans-scale analysis of the mechanical properties of bamboo.