Placental Evolution: Innovating how to Feed Babies

生物 进化生物学 胎盘 收敛演化 胎盘形成 后代 合胞体 遗传学 系统发育学 基因 怀孕 胎儿 细胞
作者
Julie C. Baker
出处
期刊:Annual Review of Genetics [Annual Reviews]
标识
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102135
摘要

The evolution of the placenta was transformative. It changed how offspring are fed during gestation from depositing all the resources into an egg to continually supplying resources throughout gestation. Placental evolution is infinitely complex, with many moving parts, but at the core it is driven by a conflict over resources between the mother and the baby, which sets up a Red Queen race, fueling rapid diversification of morphological, cellular, and genetic forms. Placentas from even closely related species are highly divergent in form and function, and many cellular processes are distinct. If we could extract the entirety of genomic information for placentas across all species, including the many hundreds that have evolved in fish and reptiles, we could find their shared commonality, and that would tell us which of the many pieces really matter. We do not have this information, but we do have clues. Convergent evolution mechanisms were repeatedly used in the placenta, including the intense selective pressure to co-opt an envelope protein to build a multinucleated syncytium, the use of the same hormones and structural proteins in placentas derived from separate embryonic origins that arose hundreds of millions of years apart, and the co-option of endogenous retroviruses to form capsids as a way of transport and as mutagens to form new enhancers. As a result, the placental genome is the Wild West of biology, set up to rapidly change, adapt, and innovate. This ability to adapt facilitated the evolution of big babies with big brains and will continue to support offspring and their mothers in our ever-changing global environment.
最长约 10秒,即可获得该文献文件

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
1秒前
华仔应助silong采纳,获得10
1秒前
HJJHJH发布了新的文献求助30
3秒前
dracovu发布了新的文献求助50
4秒前
木槿完成签到,获得积分10
5秒前
wmn给wmn的求助进行了留言
5秒前
6秒前
现实的新竹完成签到,获得积分10
6秒前
6秒前
7秒前
清脆半双发布了新的文献求助10
7秒前
10秒前
夏雪仁发布了新的文献求助10
10秒前
上官若男应助书生采纳,获得10
10秒前
科研通AI2S应助HJJHJH采纳,获得10
10秒前
阿玉发布了新的文献求助10
11秒前
北国潇湘发布了新的文献求助10
11秒前
12秒前
楼沁发布了新的文献求助10
12秒前
13秒前
13秒前
共享精神应助义气的行天采纳,获得10
14秒前
silong发布了新的文献求助10
15秒前
17秒前
Soojin完成签到,获得积分10
17秒前
17秒前
yy发布了新的文献求助10
18秒前
田様应助夏雪仁采纳,获得10
19秒前
大模型应助楼沁采纳,获得10
19秒前
georgia_qiao发布了新的文献求助30
19秒前
gglaoba发布了新的文献求助10
23秒前
DuesKing发布了新的文献求助10
24秒前
24秒前
Jasper应助yy采纳,获得10
26秒前
清脆半双完成签到,获得积分10
26秒前
sje完成签到 ,获得积分10
28秒前
30秒前
SaberLee完成签到,获得积分10
31秒前
33秒前
阿楷完成签到,获得积分10
35秒前
高分求助中
Thinking Small and Large 500
Algorithmic Mathematics in Machine Learning 500
Mapping the Stars: Celebrity, Metonymy, and the Networked Politics of Identity 400
Getting Published in SSCI Journals: 200+ Questions and Answers for Absolute Beginners 300
Minimum Bar Spacing as a Function of Bond and Shear Strength 200
Anti-Politics Machine: Development, Depoliticization, and Bureaucratic Power in Lesotho James Ferguson 200
A monograph of the genera Conocybe and Pholiotina in Europe 200
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 材料科学 医学 生物 工程类 有机化学 物理 生物化学 纳米技术 计算机科学 化学工程 内科学 复合材料 物理化学 电极 遗传学 量子力学 基因 冶金 催化作用
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 3837147
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 3379372
关于积分的说明 10508693
捐赠科研通 3099072
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 1706778
邀请新用户注册赠送积分活动 821288
科研通“疑难数据库(出版商)”最低求助积分说明 772487