肠道菌群
生物
PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路
体内
蛋白激酶B
红曲霉
氧化应激
免疫系统
信号转导
细胞生物学
免疫学
生物化学
生物技术
发酵
作者
Liuming Xie,Ting Chen,Xin Qi,Hong Li,Jiayan Xie,Linchun Wang,Mingyong Xie,Zhibing Huang
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03186
摘要
Exopolysaccharides from genistein-stimulated Monascus purpureus (G-EMP) exhibited immunomodulatory potential in vitro, but whether it had immune-enhancing effects in vivo and its potential mechanism are not yet known. Here, the immunomodulatory effects of G-EMP were investigated by establishing an immunosuppressed mouse model treated with cyclophosphamide (Cy). The results suggested that G-EMP effectively alleviated the signs of weight reduction and diet reduction caused by Cy, increased fecal water content and splenic index, and decreased the oxidative stress of the liver. Simultaneously, G-EMP improved Cy-induced intestinal injury by restoring villus length, increasing the number of cupped cells, upregulating the expression of mucin and tight junction proteins, and downregulating the ratio of apoptotic proteins (Bax/Bcl-2). It also boosted the levels of mouse colonic cytokines, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Additionally, G-EMP markedly enhanced immunomodulation via the activation of PI3K/AKT-MAPKs/NF-κB signal pathways. Furthermore, G-EMP intervention displayed a positive association with most immunological indexes by elevating the levels of short-chain fatty acids, varying gut microbiota composition, and enhancing beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillaceae, Prevotellaceae, and S24-7). These findings demonstrated that G-EMP can strengthen immunity, repair intestinal mucosal damage, regulate gut microbiota, and be a potential source of prebiotics.
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