Multiplex detection methods for mycotoxins in agricultural products: A systematic review

The combined contamination of multiple mycotoxins (MTs) is a matter of utmost concern, posing significant threats to both the economy stability and the well-being of humans and animals. Consequently, there is an urgent demand for highly sensitive and portable multiplex detection methods to effectively identify and quantify MTs. The primary objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the methods to detect multiple MTs in agricultural products, including instrumental and biosensor approaches published in the last five years. Specifically, we emphasize detection methods for antibody (ab)- and aptamer (apt)-based biosensors, while undertaking a comparative analysis of their performance, particularly focusing on the sensitivity. Furthermore, this review proposes several promising technologies that can be leveraged in the future and outlines the challenges and prospects associated with achieving rapid, accurate, and intelligent detection of MTs.