A Systematic Review of Key Indicators and Models for Assessing Port Performance: A Global Perspective

This paper presents a systematic review of literature on key performance indicators (KPIs) and models used to assess port performance globally. Following the PRISMA methodology, a rigorous selection and analysis process was conducted for 131 peer-reviewed articles from the Scopus database. The study identifies and evaluates the most common KPIs that are related to operational efficiency, environmental sustainability, financial performance, and technological advancement. Moreover, it focuses on the main analytical models, which are Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). Additionally, the review highlights gaps in research, regional patterns, and potential strategies in order to improve port performance assessment methods.