Advanced control of induction motors (2019–2025): A comprehensive review of strategies, algorithms and sensorless techniques

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the advanced control of Induction Motors achieved during the period from 2019 to 2025, through a critical analysis of over 240 indexed publications. A systematic synthesis of control techniques (including control strategies, advanced algorithms, and sensorless methods) is presented to guide future research directions. For each category of techniques, the operating principles, advantages, constraints, and application domains are rigorously explained. The comparative analysis highlights performance of Direct Torque Control strategies based on artificial intelligence techniques, which provide an optimal balance between torque dynamics and system robustness. However, their industrial adoption remains constrained due to the algorithmic complexity and high hardware requirements. The paper concludes with promising research perspectives, particularly the emergence of hybrid approaches that hold the potential innovations in high-efficiency and high-reliability electric drive systems. • Review of 240+ recent papers (2019–2025) on induction motor control. • Comparative synthesis of the advanced control methods. • Reference guide for researchers and engineers in future developments.