A joint missing power data recovery method based on the spatiotemporal correlation of multiple wind farms

In reality, wind power data are often accompanied by data losses, which can affect the accurate prediction of wind power and subsequently impact the real-time scheduling of the power system. Existing methods for recovering missing data primarily consider the environmental conditions of individual wind farms, thereby overlooking the spatiotemporal correlations between neighboring wind farms, which significantly compromise their recovery effectiveness. In this paper, a joint missing data recovery model based on power data from adjacent wind farms is proposed. At first, a spatial–temporal module (STM) is designed using a combination of graph convolution network and recurrent neural networks to learn spatiotemporal dependencies and similarities. Subsequently, to provide a solid computational foundation for the STM, a Euclidean-directed graph based on Granger causality is constructed to reflect the hidden spatiotemporal information in the data. Finally, comprehensive tests on data recovery for both missing completely at random and short-term continuous missing are conducted on a real-world dataset. The results demonstrate that the proposed model exhibits a significant advantage in missing data recovery compared to baseline models.