TiO2/PVDF hollow fiber membranes for the separation of dyes and salts (NaCl and Na2SO4) during textile wastewater treatment

In this work, a titanium oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride (TiO 2 /PVDF) hollow fiber membrane was fabricated to fractionate the dye and Na 2 SO 4 produced in textile wastewater. This hollow fiber membrane offered high retention of Congo red and methylene blue dyes with little rejection of Na 2 SO 4 . More importantly, the membrane was obtained using single orifice spinneret through a simple, rapid, and less expensive procedure. Meanwhile, the membrane exhibited good hydrophilicity, flux recovery ratio, and long-term stability, when appropriate blending of TiO 2 nano-particles was conducted. These results highlight interesting potential applications, and open new directions toward the designing of efficient functional hollow fibers for effective fractionation of dye and Na 2 SO 4 for the treatment of textile wastewater.