E-government as an anti-corruption tool: panel data analysis across countries

Over the past two decades, many governments around the world have adopted e-government as an anti-corruption tool. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence on the impacts of e-government on corruption. Thus, this article aims to empirically examine whether e-government reduces corruption across countries. For this purpose, longitudinal data from 2003 to 2016 were collected from 214 countries and then panel data analysis based on a fixed-effect model was conducted. Analysis results reveal that e-government as a whole significantly reduces corruption, while the effects of open government as one type of e-government are unclear. However, the rule of law moderates the relationship between open government and corruption. That is, in countries with more effective legal systems, open government is more likely to reduce corruption than in countries with less effective legal systems. Points for practitioners E-government as a whole can effectively reduce corruption. Open government, such as open data portals and online discussion forums, does not have a direct impact on the reduction of corruption. Open government can have a conditional impact on corruption, relying on the effectiveness of legal systems.