Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A-3' untranslated region are associated with atazanavir-induced nephrolithiasis in patients with HIV-1 infection: a pharmacogenetic study

ObjectivesRitonavir-boosted atazanavir (atazanavir/ritonavir) is a widely used antiretroviral drug, though it can potentially cause nephrolithiasis. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between polymorphisms in genes encoding proteins involved in metabolism and transportation of atazanavir, and atazanavir/ritonavir-induced nephrolithiasis in HIV-1-infected patients treated with atazanavir/ritonavir.