Simultaneously with large energy density and high efficiency achieved in NaNbO3-based relaxor ferroelectric ceramics

Dielectric capacitors are in urgent need of miniaturized and lightweight products. The new lead-free NaNbO3-based ferroelectric ceramic material is a good choice owing to its high energy storage density, superior charge/discharge performance and decent frequency/temperature stability. In this work, a novel lead-free relaxor ferroelectric ceramic, (1-x)NaNbO3-xBa(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 [(1-x)NN-xBMN, x = 0.18, 0.20, 0.22 and 0.24], was designed and prepared via a local random field strategy. The impedance analysis demonstrates that the introduction of BMN could enhance the insulation ability and breakdown strength of the (1-x)NN-xBMN ceramic. Finally, the excellent energy storage performances with simultaneously ultrahigh energy storage density (Wst～4.04 J/cm3), recoverable energy storage density (Wrec～3.51 J/cm3), efficiency (η～87 %) and fatigue endurance (number of cycles: 5000) are obtained in the 0.78NN-0.22BMN ceramic. In addition, excellent frequency (1～100 Hz) and temperature stability (20～140 °C) can also be observed in the 0.78NN-0.22BMN ceramic. It is crucial that the ceramic shows extremely short charge-discharge time (t0.9～45 ns), tremendous current density (CD～680 A/cm2), giant power density (PD～47.6 MW/cm3) and excellent temperature stability (30～150 °C). These results indicate that 0.78NN-0.22BMN ceramic is a promising dielectric capacitor material.