Unveiling synergistic stabilization in the LiNi 0.9 Mn 0.05 Al 0.05 O 2 cathode via Nb 5+ modification: toward enhanced structural and electrochemical performance

Nb 5+ doping modulates electronic structure via charge compensation and acts as rigid lattice pillars to stabilize layered framework and alleviate Li + /Ni 2+ mixing, achieving 89.88% capacity retention over 200 cycles at 0.5C.