The influence of privacy concern on AI adoption - a meta-analysis of studies in the age of ChatGPT

The 222 release of ChatGPT set records for the fastest-growing user base and signaled the start of an AI boom. Today, AI is changing the way people perceive computers, as users are regularly reminded of the potential benefits that it will bring. As privacy concerns may be subjective and evolve over time, we examine the extent to which privacy concerns influence AI adoption in our current environment. Through a systematic review, we meta-analyze the relationship (n=644), finding that privacy concern has a significant moderate negative influence on AI adoption (r=-.32). We also find that studies are homogeneous, with a consistent influence on AI adoption. Our research establishes a current baseline of this relationship and will inform researchers of the expected effect and provide a reference point for future studies. Future work may include a deeper investigation into the usage contexts and the instruments used to measure privacy concern.