医学
标准化
肺移植
分级(工程)
心脏移植
移植
临床意义
协商一致会议
活检
病理
内科学
重症监护医学
政治学
工程类
土木工程
法学
作者
Susan Stewart,Gayle L. Winters,Michael C. Fishbein,Henry D. Tazelaar,Jon A. Kobashigawa,Jacki Abrams,Claus B Andersen,Annalisa Angelini,Gerald J. Berry,Margaret Burke,Anthony J. Demetris,Elizabeth H. Hammond,Silviu Itescu,Charles C. Marboe,Bruce M. McManus,Elaine F. Reed,Nancy L. Reinsmoen,E. René Rodríguez,Alan G. Rose,Marlene L. Rose,Nicole Suciu-Focia,Adriana Zeevi,Margaret E. Billingham
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.healun.2005.03.019
摘要
In 1990, an international grading system for cardiac allograft biopsies was adopted by the International Society for Heart Transplantation. This system has served the heart transplant community well, facilitating communication between transplant centers, especially with regard to patient management and research. In 2004, under the direction of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT), a multidisciplinary review of the cardiac biopsy grading system was undertaken to address challenges and inconsistencies in its use and to address recent advances in the knowledge of antibody-mediated rejection. This article summarizes the revised consensus classification for cardiac allograft rejection. In brief, the revised (R) categories of cellular rejection are as follows: Grade 0 R--no rejection (no change from 1990); Grade 1 R--mild rejection (1990 Grades 1A, 1B and 2); Grade 2 R--moderate rejection (1990 Grade 3A); and Grade 3 R--severe rejection (1990 Grades 3B and 4). Because the histologic sub-types of Quilty A and Quilty B have never been shown to have clinical significance, the "A" and "B" designations have been eliminated. Recommendations are also made for the histologic recognition and immunohistologic investigation of acute antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) with the expectation that greater standardization of the assessment of this controversial entity will clarify its clinical significance. Technical considerations in biopsy processing are also addressed. This consensus revision of the Working Formulation was approved by the ISHLT Board of Directors in December 2004.
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