Is there any difference on cyanobacterial blooms patterns between Lake Chaohu and Lake Taihu over the last 20 years?

Serious cyanobacterial blooms (CBs) caused by lake eutrophication have become a global ecological and environmental problem and have adversely affected the production, life, and health of human beings. Lake Chaohu and Lake Taihu are two large closed shallow eutrophication lakes in the Yangtze River Delta in China with frequent CBs. In this study, the floating algae index (FAI) algorithm was applied to detect a long-time CBs sequence using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images from 2000 to 2019. The common characteristics and differences of the CBs patterns were further explored in both lakes over the last 20 years. The results showed that the severity of CBs in Lakes Chaohu and Taihu presented a similar trend of decreasing and then increasing during the period of 2000–2004 and 2005–2007, respectively. Although the severity of CBs in the two lakes was alleviated after 2008, CBs in Lake Taihu has gradually increased since 2011 and severe CBs broke out again in 2017 and 2019. Meanwhile, the CBs in Lake Chaohu have varied significantly in different years, and severe CBs were observed in 2012, 2014–2015, and 2018–2019, while in other years, CBs remained relatively low level. The high-frequency regions of CBs were mainly concentrated in the western part in Lake Chaohu and in Zhushan Bay and Meilian Bay in Lake Taihu in the initial years of 2000. However, since 2005, the CBs in Lake Chaohu gradually expanded to the central and eastern parts, and to the northwestern and western shore in Lake Taihu. Furthermore, the relationship between the monthly mean area of CBs (CBsmean) and environmental factors based on principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that temperature was the most important driving factor affecting CBs patterns. Compared to the period from 2001 to 2007, TP played a more important role in both lakes from 2008 to 2019. Various management measures have been adopted to reduce CBs in both lakes and these methods can effectively remove cyanobacteria in a short time, but they do not change CBs patterns in the long period.