Two-dimensional materials for tunable and nonlinear metaoptics

Metaoptics formed by ultrathin and planar building blocks enable compact and efficient optical devices that manipulate light at the nanoscale. The development of tunable metaoptics holds the promise of miniaturized and efficient optical systems that can dynamically adapt to changing conditions or requirements, propelling innovations in fields ranging from telecommunication and imaging to quantum computing and sensing. Two-dimensional (2D) materials show strong promise in enabling tunable metaoptics due to their exceptional electronic and optical properties from the quantum confinement within the atomically thin layers. In this review, we discuss the recent advancements and challenges of 2D material-based tunable metaoptics in both linear and nonlinear regimes and provide an outlook for prospects in this rapidly advancing area.