Efficacy and potential therapeutic mechanism of Weiwei decoction on Spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia in Helicobacter pylori-infected and Atp4a-knockout mice

WWD exerted protective effects against SPEM in H. pylori-infected and Atp4a^-/- mice. The optimal doses of WWD were found to be medium doses in H. pylori-infected mice and high doses in Atp4a^-/- mice. These effects include inhibition of transcripts associated with intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma, restoration of ATP4A and PGC expression, and reduction of M2 macrophage infiltration. These findings provide valuable insights into the therapeutic effects of WWD on advanced SPEM and highlight its potential as a treatment option.