Phosphorus-doped amorphous TiO2/C interface enables hierarchical SEI formation on micron-sized SiO anodes for ultra-stable lithium-ion batteries

This study proposes a phosphorus-doped amorphous TiO 2 /C hybrid coating for SiO anodes, which enables the formation of a hierarchical inorganic-rich SEI (Li 3 P–LiF–Li 2 CO 3 ) to enhance interfacial stability and Li + transport for LIBs.