Psychological and Functional Outcomes in Cancer Survivors Using a Structured, Group-Based Exercise and Education Program

Exercise has been shown to have a positive influence on quality of life (QOL) in cancer survivors. Limited research is available on the impact of a structured exercise and education program on cancer survivors. Given the successful use of structured exercise and education programs in addressing psychological and functional outcomes in cardiac patients, a similar model has the potential to improve these indicators in cancer survivors. PURPOSE: Determine the effects of a structured, group-based exercise and education program on QOL, symptoms of depression and fatigue, and functional capacity in cancer survivors during and following cancer treatment. METHODS: Cancer survivors (n = 30, all female) completed an 8-week exercise program meeting two days per week as a group (28 = breast cancer, 1 = leukemia, 1 = colon cancer). Five participants were actively undergoing cancer treatment. Anthropometrics, functional capacity (6- minute walk), muscular endurance, symptoms of depression (Beck Depression Index II), fatigue (Revised Piper Fatigue Scale), and QOL (SF-36) were assessed upon program entry and exit. Those who attended ≥70% of the exercise and education sessions were included in this analysis. For each outcome measure, paired t-tests were performed using SAS software (version 9.2; Cary, North Carolina) to analyze changes for individuals completing both entry and exit testing. RESULTS: Functional capacity, muscular endurance, and improved significantly. Analysis of psychological indicators demonstrated a significant improvement in symptoms of depression and fatigue. QOL scores did not significantly increase (mental and physical component summary scores). See Table 1.TABLE 1CONCLUSION: A structured, group-based exercise and education program significantly improved cancer patients' functional capacity and symptoms of fatigue and depression. This type of program can serve as a unique setting to help improve the functional and psychological outcomes of cancer survivors.