Coronary artery fistula: a review

Coronary arterial fistulas are abnormal connections between the coronary arteries and the chambers of the heart or major thoracic vessels. Although first described in 1841, the true incidence is difficult to evaluate because approximately half of the cases may be asymptomatic and clinically undetectable. This review will discuss the history and prevalence of coronary artery fistulas and their morphology, histology, presentation, diagnosis, treatment options, and complications.