Synergistic and Intelligent Hydrogel for Conducting Osteoblast Proliferation: Synthesis, Characterization, and Multifunctional Properties

Current trends in intelligent hydrogels design for tissue engineering demand multifunctional biomaterials that respond to external stimuli, while maintaining adhesion, controlled degradation, and cytocompatibility. The present work describes the synthesis and characterization of a novel, intelligent and synergistic hydrogel for promoting osteoblastic growth and regeneration. The hydrogel comprises a complex matrix blend of natural biodegradable polymers, vitamins (A, K2, D3, and E), and bioactive components such as zinc phosphate nanoparticles and manganese-doped hydroxyapatite to improve osteoblastic functionality. The hydrogel proved to have physicochemical properties for recovery and self-healing, highlighting its potential application as an auxiliary in bone rehabilitation. Key parameters such as rheological behavior, moisture content, water absorption, solubility, swelling, biodegradability, and responsiveness to temperature and pH variations were thoroughly evaluated. Furthermore, its adhesion to different surfaces and biocompatibility were confirmed. Skin contact test revealed no inflammatory, allergic, or secondary effects, indicating its safety for medical applications. Importantly, the hydrogel showed high biocompatibility with no cytotoxicity signs, favoring cell migration and highlighting its potential for applications in regenerative medicine.