A Review on Synthesis and Characterization of Porphyrin based Covalent Organic Framework

Porphyrin-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) represent an innovative class of porous crystalline materials, exhibiting remarkable photophysical, electrochemical, and catalytic properties. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the synthesis, characterization, and applications of porphyrin-based COFs, emphasizing their structural adaptability and functional diversity. By harnessing the unique attributes of porphyrins, including their π-conjugated structure and metal-coordinating capabilities, researchers have developed porphyrinic COFs with tailored two-dimensional and three-dimensional architectures. These frameworks boast exceptional thermal stability, high specific surface areas, and customizable functionalities, rendering them promising candidates for applications in catalysis, energy storage, gas adsorption, sensing, and biomedicine. Furthermore, the strategic integration of heterocyclic units and metal centers has significantly enhanced the optoelectronic and electrocatalytic capabilities of these COFs. As research continues to address challenges related to large-scale production, dimensional optimization, and biomedical applications, porphyrin-based COFs are poised to play a transformative role in advancing material science, chemistry, and industrial domains.