Quantitative Chest CT–derived Fibrosis and Vascular Remodeling and Acute Exacerbation Risk in Mild Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

In mild idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, quantitative CT–derived fibrosis burden and vascular remodeling were associated with acute exacerbation risk, with venous and arterial remodeling mediating fibrosis effects, supporting the value of vascular metrics for risk stratification.