Investigation of platelet‐rich plasma in increasing proliferation and migration of endometrial mesenchymal stem cells and improving pregnancy outcome of patients with thin endometrium

Abstract Background Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) contains abundant growth factors and is gradually used in the field of reproduction. A thin endometrium is recognized as a critical factor in embryo implantation failure. Endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (EnMSCs), which were isolated from human menstrual blood, are highly proliferative and show multiple differentiation capacity. The current study was to investigate the effect of PRP on the proliferation and migration of EnMSCs, and the effectiveness of PRP in the treatment of patients with thin endometrium. Materials and Methods EnMSCs were treated with PRP in vitro, followed by measuring cell proliferation, migration, and adhesion by using CCK8, scratch, and adhesion test, respectively. Twenty patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) with refractory thin endometrium history were given PRP by infusion into the uterine cavity after the treatment of hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Results All components of PRP significantly stimulated the growth, migration, and adhesion of EnMSCs when compared with the negative control. Cell proliferation and migration were induced by PRP in a dose‐dependent manner with maximum proliferation at a 2% PRP dose. The clinical data showed that successful endometrial expansion and pregnancy were discovered in 12 patients after PRP infusion, and the pregnancy rate increased to 60%. Conclusion Intrauterine PRP infusion represents a new way for female patients with thin endometrium with poor response. This study lays the foundations for the potential treatment of thin endometrium with PRP in vivo.