表观遗传学
生物
DNA甲基化
细胞生物学
染色质
先天免疫系统
组蛋白
神经发生的表观遗传调控
基因表达调控
转录因子
免疫系统
免疫学
染色质重塑
基因表达
遗传学
基因
作者
Ido Amit,Deborah R. Winter,Steffen Jung
摘要
Macrophages provide a critical systemic network cells of the innate immune system. Emerging data suggest that in addition, they have important tissue-specific functions that range from clearance of surfactant from the lungs to neuronal pruning and establishment of gut homeostasis. The differentiation and tissue-specific activation of macrophages require precise regulation of gene expression, a process governed by epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modification and chromatin structure. We argue that epigenetic regulation of macrophages is determined by lineage- and tissue-specific transcription factors controlled by the built-in programming of myeloid development in combination with signaling from the tissue environment. Perturbation of epigenetic mechanisms of tissue macrophage identity can affect normal macrophage tissue function and contribute to pathologies ranging from obesity and autoimmunity to neurodegenerative diseases.
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