The clinical analysis and technique improvement of artifical hydronephrosis for PCNL

Objectives To investigate the necessity about artificial hydronephrosis withpercutaneous nephrolithotomy under the b-ultrasound guiding.Methods Clinical data of 196 patients with upper urinary tract calculi who were treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomyunder the b-ultrasound guiding no artifical hydronephrosis were analyzed retrospectively.Results 114 patients with moderate to severe hydronephrosis were successful punctured without artifical hydronephrosis ;62 patients were successful punctured without artificial hydronephrosis of total 65 cases with mild hydronephrosis,The remaining 3 patients weresuccessful punctured after artificial hydronephrosis assisted ;11 patients were direct successful puncture without artificial hydronephrosis of total 17 cases without hydronephrosis,The remaining 6 patients were successful puncture after artificial hydronephrosis assisted.Conclusions The majority of patients can direct percutaneous nephrostomy without artificial hydronephrosis. Key words: Hydronephrosis ;  Nephrostomy, Percutaneous