Simulation of hydrodynamic interaction forces acting on a ship sailing across a submerged bank or an approach channel

A solution is proposed to handle complex water boundaries based on the panelled moving patch method, in which the moving patch on the seabed is dynamically meshed by an optimized version of the paving algorithm and smoothed by a hybrid smoother. Using this approach, two typical hydrodynamic interaction scenarios with the non-even seabed are studied, and numerical results are obtained for a variety of values of the relative ship course as well as of characteristics of the seabed.