阿替洛尔
废水
萘普生
药方
卡马西平
环境科学
人口
流行病学
医学
环境卫生
统计
环境工程
药理学
数学
内科学
精神科
病理
替代医学
血压
癫痫
作者
Jianfa Gao,Benjamin J. Tscharke,Phil M. Choi,Jake O’Brien,Tim Boogaerts,Hui Jiang,Mengting Yang,Samantha Hollingworth,Phong K. Thai
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.est.1c00931
摘要
The correction factor (CF) is a critical parameter in wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) that significantly influences the accuracy of the final consumption estimates. However, most CFs have been derived from a few old pharmacokinetic studies and should be re-evaluated and refined to improve the accuracy of the WBE approach. This study aimed to review and estimate the CFs for atenolol, carbamazepine, and naproxen for WBE using the daily mass loads of those pharmaceuticals in wastewater and their corresponding dispensed prescription data in Australia. Influent wastewater samples were collected from wastewater treatment plants serving approximately 24% of the Australian population and annual national dispensed prescription data. The estimated CFs for atenolol and carbamazepine are 1.37 (95% CI: 1.17–1.66) and 8.69 (95% CI: 7.66–10.03), respectively. Due to significant over-the-counter sales of naproxen, a reliable CF could not be estimated based on prescription statistics. Using an independent dataset of 186 and 149 wastewater samples collected in an urban catchment in 2011 and 2012, WBE results calculated using the new CFs matched well with the dispensed data for atenolol and carbamazepine in the catchment area.
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