Preparation of Bionic Porous Zirconia Fiber by Microemulsion Electrospinning and Its Infrared Stealth Property

The bionic porous zirconia fiber was prepared by the microemulsion electrospinning method. The phase, morphology and pore structure of the fibers were tested by X-ray diffraction, FTIR, RAMAN, SEM, TEM, and BET. The results show that the fiber was t-ZrO2 phase and its average fiber diameter was about 120 nm. There was obvious multi-cavity hollow structure like the polar bear hair in the zirconia fiber. The BET specific surface area and BJH average pore diameter of the fiber was 23.8 m2/g, and 11 nm, respectively. As a result, the bionic porous zirconia fiber had low thermal conductivity of 0.075 W/m k and low infrared emissivity of 0.598 at 3–5 μm. Therefore, the bionic porous zirconia fiber could be used as infrared stealth material.