Chinese gut microbiota and its associations with staple food type, ethnicity, and urbanization

肠道菌群 普雷沃菌属 民族 拟杆菌 生物 人口学 城市化 住所 人口 遗传学 生态学 免疫学 细菌 人类学 社会学
作者
Jing Lü,Li Zhang,Qixiao Zhai,Jianxin Zhao,Hao Zhang,Yuan‐Kun Lee,Wenwei Liu,Mingkun Li,Wei Chen
出处
期刊:npj biofilms and microbiomes [Springer Nature]
卷期号:7 (1) 被引量:40
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41522-021-00245-0
摘要

The gut microbiota could affect human health and disease. Although disease-associated microbiota alteration has been extensively investigated in the Chinese population, a nationwide Chinese gut microbiota baseline is still lacking. Here we performed 16 S rRNA gene sequencing on fecal samples from 2678 healthy Chinese individuals, who belonged to eight ethnic groups and resided in 63 counties/cities of 28 provinces. We identified four enterotypes, three of which were enriched for Prevotella, Bacteroides, and Escherichia, respectively, whereas the fourth one had no dominant genus. By assessing the association between the gut microbiota and 20 variables belonging to six categories, geography, demography, diet, urbanization, lifestyle, and sampling month, we revealed that geography explained the largest microbiota variation, and clarified the distinct patterns in the associations with staple food type, ethnicity, and urban/rural residence. Specifically, the gut microbiota of Han Chinese and ethnic minority groups from the same sites was more alike than that of the same ethnic minority groups from different sites. Individuals consuming wheat as staple food were predicted to have more microbial genes involving in glucan 1,3-beta-glucosidase and S-adenosyl-L-methionine biosynthesis than those who consumed rice, based on functional prediction. Besides, an appreciable effect of urbanization on decreased intra-individual diversity, increased inter-individual diversity, and increased proportion of the Bacteroides enterotype was observed. Collectively, our study provided a nationwide gut microbiota baseline of the Chinese population and knowledge on important covariates, which are fundamental to translational microbiota research.
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