The α-tocopherol-derived long-chain metabolite α-13′-COOH mediates endotoxin tolerance and modulates the inflammatory response via MAPK and NFκB pathways

CCL2 is suppressed in murine macrophages by α-13'-COOH and the indirect suppression of MAPK and NFκB pathways is likely a relevant process contributing to anti-inflammatory actions of α-13'-COOH. These results improve the understanding of the effects of α-13'-COOH and provide a basis for new research strategies in the context of inflammatory diseases.