Hypertriglyceridemia Induced Pancreatitis

Objectives Hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis is an important cause of acute pancreatitis (AP) in children, which lacks established guidelines. The aim of this study was to review management approaches at a single pediatric center. Methods This retrospective study included all inpatients younger than 21 years with AP and triglycerides (TG) of 1000 mg/dL or greater. A linear mixed effect model was used to calculate drop in TGs. The patient's diet, intravenous fluid (IVF) rate, insulin, and plasmapheresis were included in the model. Results Seventeen admissions were identified among 8 patients, average age 15 years (range, 6–19 years). Fifty percent had recurrent AP and 29% of admissions had complications including 1 death. The population was primarily female (75%), white (75%), and overweight, and 63% had diabetes. The median stay was 5.4 days. There were 14 approaches used with variations in IVF rates, insulin, plasmapheresis, and nill per os (NPO) versus feeds. Variables that reduced TG's were NPO, higher IVF rates, plasmapheresis, and insulin ( P < 0.05). Importantly, NPO reduced TGs faster than those who started early nutrition. Conclusions Hypertriglyceridemia is an important cause of pancreatitis in children. This study shares a management algorithm from a single institution. Larger studies are needed for more evidence-based guidelines.