Diamond model and the export competitiveness of the agriculture industry from emerging markets: an exploratory vision based on a spatial effect study using a genetic algorithm

A deeper understanding of the comparative advantage of emerging markets in agricultural export can be gained by analysing the spatial connections of emerging markets through the framework provided by the diamond model. The geographic economics factors are transformed to interconnections of emerging markets by a genetic algorithm based on Mahalanobis distances. The spatial effect of geographic economics factors on export competitiveness of agriculture is further identified by spatial modelling. The irrigated land area, competitive labour cost, foreign direct investment (F.D.I.), and export market opportunity are important to further develop the export competitiveness of the agriculture industry from emerging markets based on spatial modelling. Also there is a spatial disturbances effect in agricultural export of emerging markets based on transformed interconnections structured by geographic economic factors. A fuzzy cluster analysis is further performed, and the stationary solution of clusters in dynamic transition across market segments is analysed by a Markov Chain. It is further found that the distribution of emerging markets with a higher level of export competitiveness can be more concentrated in clusters with lower levels of proportion. The findings of this research can offer support to global managers in further understanding the spatial effect of geographic economics factors on export competitiveness of agriculture from emerging markets.